The Cybersecurity Information Sharing Act (CISA), a key U.S. law enabling threat intelligence exchange between private companies and federal agencies, expired on October 1, 2025. The lapse has raised concerns over potential gaps in critical infrastructure protection and incident response coordination. Cybersecurity experts and lawmakers are urging swift reauthorization or a modernized framework to sustain public–private collaboration amid rising ransomware and nation-state cyber threats targeting essential U.S. networks.