Foreign portfolio investors withdrew nearly $18 billion from Indian equities during 2025, marking one of the largest annual outflows on record. Despite strong domestic participation and nominal index gains, currency depreciation and capital exits resulted in Indian benchmarks ranking among weaker global performers in dollar terms. The trend highlighted sensitivity to global risk sentiment and shifting capital flows.

Bitcoin traded above the $88,000 level as the global cryptocurrency market capitalisation edged closer to $3 trillion. Select altcoins posted sharp gains, while trading volumes remained elevated. Ethereum held steady near recent levels, reflecting consolidation. Market activity picked up toward the close of the year, supported by improving sentiment and selective risk-taking across digital assets.