The IMF’s October World Economic Outlook forecast global GDP growth at 3.2% for 2025, down from 3.4% in April, as tight monetary policy and weak trade weigh on output. Advanced economies face subdued demand while emerging Asia remains a growth driver led by India and Indonesia. The Fund urged governments to rebuild fiscal buffers and accelerate supply-chain diversification to mitigate external shocks. Inflation pressures are expected to moderate further through mid-2026.