The Directorate General of Trade Remedies has initiated an anti-dumping investigation into imports of Ethambutol Hydrochloride—an active pharmaceutical ingredient used in tuberculosis treatments—from China and Thailand. The action follows a petition from Lupin Ltd alleging price undercutting and injury to domestic producers. Preliminary findings suggest dumping during April 2024–March 2025. Officials said the probe could result in provisional duties within months if evidence of injury is confirmed. The inquiry highlights India’s intent to protect key pharmaceutical segments from cheap overseas competition and maintain self-sufficiency in critical drugs.